Emission control
ESP and Electrocyclone systems sized from a project-specific design basis.
US–Thai engineering group · ESP · Electrocyclone · Boiler retrofits
Cleaner stacks. Higher boiler performance. Engineered for industrial reality.
Arrow Energy engineers ESP, Electrocyclone, boiler retrofit, combustion, heat-recovery and flue-gas systems around the plant’s actual fuel, operating duty and compliance basis — from technical assessment through commissioning and lifecycle support.
Boiler performance
Retrofit, combustion improvement and biomass-conversion engineering.
Heat recovery
Economizers and air preheaters integrated with the actual gas and steam cycle.
Lifecycle delivery
Assessment, engineering, manufacturing, commissioning, spares and field service.
02 — Who runs our equipment
Proof, with engineering context
Customer logos appear only with permission. Where confidentiality applies, the project is presented by industry, fuel, plant duty, Arrow scope and approved engineering result.
Client logo
permission
permission
Client logo
permission
permission
Client logo
permission
permission
Sugar mill, Thailand
170 t/h bagasse
170 t/h bagasse
Biomass power, Thailand
250 t/h
250 t/h
Sugar mill, Colombia
230 t/h
230 t/h
ISO
Quality managementcertificate, issuer and expiry pending
CODE
Pressure-part code scopeauthorization and scope pending
WPS
Welding qualificationsWPS, PQR and WPQ summary pending
QA
Traceability and inspectionapproved QA procedure pending
03 — Core technology platforms
Integrated systems, with a clear operating basis
Each platform explains where it fits, the operating inputs that govern selection, and the evidence required before a performance figure is published.
Particulate control
Electrostatic precipitator
Selection starts with actual gas flow, temperature, moisture, particle-size distribution, ash chemistry, resistivity behavior and gas distribution. Effective migration velocity is validated for the project basis.
- Gas volume
- project range
- Operating temperature
- project range
- Emission basis
- dry/wet · O₂ · method
- Collecting area / fields
- approved design
Proprietary · first stage
Electrocyclone
A proprietary first-stage separator intended to reduce the particulate duty reaching the downstream collector. Geometry, electrical configuration and performance must follow Arrow-approved engineering data.
- Stage efficiency
- verified basis
- Particle distribution
- test data
- Pressure drop
- project basis
- Temperature limit
- approved design
Heat recovery
Economizer
Feedwater heating from backpass gas, engineered around gas-side fouling, water-side pressure, corrosion margin, approach temperature and the existing boiler heat balance.
- Tube material
- code selection
- Heating surface
- project basis
- Recovered duty
- verified calculation
- Fuel saving
- basis and period
Heat recovery
Air preheater
Combustion-air heating with cold-end metal temperature evaluated from the gas/air heat-transfer coefficients, fuel chemistry and acid-dewpoint margin—not from a simple arithmetic average.
- Recovered duty
- verified calculation
- Air temperature rise
- project basis
- Cold-end margin
- fuel analysis
- Configuration
- Tubular · regenerative
Pressure parts
Boiler pressure parts
Superheaters, water walls, headers and tube bundles engineered from verified operating conditions, approved drawings, material-temperature limits and the applicable pressure-part code.
- Applicable code
- scope pending
- Material traceability
- QA basis
- Fabrication capability
- approved data
- NDT
- methods and level
Flue-gas handling
ID fan, ducting & dampers
Fan selection reconciles the clean and fouled system-resistance curves, operating range, gas density, control method, motor reserve, erosion allowance and the required draught margin.
- Design flow / pressure
- project basis
- System margin
- approved criterion
- Motor rating
- verified selection
- Control
- VFD · inlet guide · damper
04 — The flue-gas path
Follow the flue gas through the complete train
This interactive schematic shows the engineering relationship between the boiler, heat recovery, first-stage separation, ESP, ID fan and stack. The numerical dataset is an illustrative calculation and must be reconciled with an Arrow-approved workbook before public use. Select a stage.
ILLUSTRATIVE CALCULATION — NOT A PROJECT REFERENCE OR GUARANTEE
ρN,wet 1.24 kg/Nm³ · cp 1.20 kJ/kg·K
All concentrations @ 6 % O₂, dry
ρN,wet 1.24 kg/Nm³ · cp 1.20 kJ/kg·K
All concentrations @ 6 % O₂, dry
Stage 1 of 8
Furnace & grate
26.1 t/h bagasse fired on a spreader / travelling grate. Fly-ash carryover from the grate is 0.65–0.85 of the ash in the fuel, plus unburnt carbon — which is why raw dust leaving the furnace sits at thousands of mg/Nm³, not hundreds.
26.1 t/h fuel130.3 t/h gas105 100 Nm³/hcarryover 0.65–0.85
Full node data as a table (accessible, indexable, and quotable)
| # | Stage | Function | Key design figures | Dust out |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Furnace & grate | Combustion; fly-ash carryover | 26.1 t/h fuel · 105 100 Nm³/h | 6 000 mg/Nm³ |
| 2 | Superheater | Steam temperature control | 60 t/h steam · cp 1.20 kJ/kg·K | 6 000 mg/Nm³ |
| 3 | Economizer | Feedwater heating | 598 m² · 4.61 MW | 6 000 mg/Nm³ |
| 4 | Air preheater | Combustion-air heating | 4.16 MW · air 75 → 215 °C | 6 000 mg/Nm³ |
| 5 | Electrocyclone | First-stage bulk separation | 3 × Ø3.2 m · 16.5 m/s · d₅₀ 21 µm · Δp 83 mmWC | 720 mg/Nm³ |
| 6 | Electrostatic precipitator | Final collection | 3 888 m² · SCA 75.7 s/m · 4 fields · w 4.5 cm/s | 24 mg/Nm³ |
| 7 | ID fan | Draught | 270 mmWC · 177 kW shaft · 250 kW motor | 24 mg/Nm³ |
| 8 | Stack | Dispersion | Ø2.1 m × 45 m | 24 mg/Nm³ |
Why the first stage changes the whole train
Without the Electrocyclone, the same duty and the same outlet figure need 6 309 m² of collecting area across six fields. With it, the ESP is 3 888 m² across four — 38 % less collecting area and about 9 m less casing length, on the same guarantee.
Why we quote n−1
A two-field ESP is not guarantee grade. On this design, four fields give 24 mg/Nm³ — but with one field out of service it is 57 mg/Nm³. That is the number that matters during a campaign, and it is the one we design to.
05 — Industries served
Different processes create different collection problems
Ash chemistry, resistivity and carryover differ by an order of magnitude between bagasse, rice husk and cement kiln dust. Every industry page starts from the fuel, not from the equipment.
Sugar & ethanol
Bagasse · low-resistivity, high-carbon ash- Projects
- n
- Typical ESP w
- 3–5 cm/s
Biomass power
Rice husk · EFB · palm fibre · wood · cassava- Projects
- n
- Ash
- High silica
Pulp & paper
Bark · recovery & power boilers- Projects
- n
- Duty
- Continuous
Cement
Kiln, cooler and raw-mill gas- Projects
- n
- Temp.
- To 450 °C
Carbon black
Fine, low-density particulate · resistivity must be tested- Projects
- n
- Particle
- < 1 µm
Food & beverage
Package boilers · mixed fuels- Projects
- n
- Scale
- 10–60 t/h
Waste-to-energy
RDF · acid gases & heavy metals- Projects
- n
- Train
- Multi-stage
Thermal power
Coal · co-firing · retrofits- Projects
- n
- Scope
- Uprate · life ext.
06 — Featured engineering results
Engineering results, with the basis visible
Filterable by industry, technology, region, fuel, capacity band and year. Every project carries the same nine fields, and every result says whether it was measured on a witnessed stack test or is a design basis.
value mg/Nm³ outlet
170 t/h bagasse boiler · Gen-1 Electrocyclone in commercial operation on mixed agro-residue — bagasse, rice husk, palm shell and cassava.
Commissioned yearDesign basis
value t/h boiler
250 t/h biomass boiler. Largest unit of its type in Thailand — under construction, not yet in commercial operation.
Under constructionDesign basis
value t/h boiler
230 t/h boiler, Colombia. First international Electrocyclone export — under construction.
Under constructionDesign basis
Project cards remain unpublished until Arrow approves the customer identity or confidentiality treatment, plant status, scope, measurement basis and result. claim-ledger approval required
07 — Proprietary technology
The Electrocyclone
A mechanical and an electrostatic stage in one vessel. The cyclone body takes the bulk load by inertia; the charged core collects what inertia cannot reach. Everything downstream is then sized for what is actually left — which is where the cost comes out.
Use patented only after the patent number, jurisdiction, owner and current status have been approved for publication. Until then, the prototype uses proprietary. patent verification required
Lower load
Reduces the particulate duty presented to the downstream final collector.
Smaller duty
May reduce downstream collecting-area and casing requirements when supported by the approved design.
Δp stated
Pressure drop must be shown at the actual gas flow, temperature, density and operating condition.
Proof linked
Efficiency, cut size and operating limits must link to approved test or calculation evidence.
08 — Before and after
Verified before-and-after results, on one basis
A panel is only labelled Measured where a witnessed or third-party stack test exists. Otherwise it says Design basis. There is no third state.
Approved case-study dataset required before publication
Verification pending
MeasureBeforeAfter
Inlet dust loadingmg/Nm³ @ 6 % O₂, dry
Outlet emissionsmg/Nm³ @ 6 % O₂, dry
Train pressure dropmmWC across the cleaning train
Boiler efficiency%, basis stated (GCV or NCV)
Heat recoveredeconomizer + air preheater duty
09 — Global footprint
Global delivery presence, connected to regional engineering
Group entities and delivery presence. Project pins are drawn from the same records that render the project database — one dataset, two views.
Filter behavior connects to the approved project dataset in the production build.
Legal entities, office details and project pins must be reconciled with the approved corporate and project registers before publication. project dataset required
10 — Manufacturing and engineering
“Owning the factory is not a marketing point — it is what lets us commit to a shutdown date.”
One engineering organisation, one design basis, one accountable partner — with the commercial and technical interface in your region and the fabrication shop under our own roof.
m²
Fabrication shop area, Samut Sakhon
t
Crane capacity
QA basis
Material traceability and third-party inspection scope
list
In-house NDT methods and welding qualifications
11 — Retrofit and lifecycle services
Aftermarket is a product, not a department
Each service states a typical outage window and a scope boundary — the two things a plant manager needs before they can raise it internally.
01ESP modificationPlates, electrodes, rapping, gas distribution, controlsOutage-specific→
02Pollution control system upgradeCapacity uprate or a new emission limit on existing casingOutage-specific→
03Boiler retrofitA 45-year-old boiler returned to modern efficiency from incomplete original documentationProject-specific→
04Commissioning & troubleshootingPerformance shortfall diagnosis on any make of ESPBy region→
05Site survey & technical assessmentFuel, gas duty, resistivity, existing condition — before anyone quotesScope-specific→
06RLA and inspectionRemaining-life assessment on pressure parts and headersOutage-specific→
07Turnkey EPCDesign, supply, erection, commissioning, performance testProject-specific→
08Spares & aftermarketCollecting and discharge electrodes, TR sets, controllers, rappers, insulatorsAvailability check→
12 — Carbon and decarbonisation
A mass balance, not a pledge
Our decarbonisation argument is fuel saved and heat recovered, measured on the plant. Where a technology is still in development we say so on the page.
Fuel
Fuel switching and biomass conversion assessed against boiler, handling and emissions constraints.
Heat
Economizer and air-preheater opportunities quantified from an approved heat and mass balance.
Combustion
Improvement opportunities tied to measured operating data and a defined verification plan.
Carbon
Project and credit advisory shown only for approved standards, jurisdictions, partners and service scope.
13 — Technical resources
Published engineering, in HTML
Written by named Arrow engineers, on their own pages, so a specifying engineer — or the assistant they are researching with — can read and quote it. Not a PDF wall.
Engineering knowledge base
How an ESP is actually sized
- ESP sizing and SCA
- Effective migration velocity by fuel
- Dust resistivity: the 10⁸–10¹¹ Ω·cm window
- Rapping and re-entrainment
- Gas distribution and CFD
- Cold-end corrosion and acid dewpoint
- Biomass ash characteristics
- Emission standards by country
Engineering tools
Check it yourself
Three browser tools that return a working figure — and end with “send this configuration to our engineers”, which pre-fills the enquiry with what you entered.
- ESP sizing check — SCA and area from gas duty and target outlet
- Economizer fuel-saving estimate
- Emission unit converter — mg/Nm³ ↔ grains/scf, O₂ correction
Downloads
Datasheets and certificates
Every download states format, size and language, so you know what you are clicking.
ESP technical datasheet · PDF · size · EN/TH
Electrocyclone technical paper · to be written
Company capability statement · PDF
ISO 9001:2015 certificate · PDF
All downloads
Electrocyclone technical paper · to be written
Company capability statement · PDF
ISO 9001:2015 certificate · PDF
12 — Engineering questions, answered
Questions a buyer actually types
Direct answers, each self-contained, each carrying its numbers. The same answers are published as structured data for answer engines.
What does Arrow Energy supply?
Arrow Energy Co., Ltd. designs, manufactures and commissions electrostatic precipitators, the proprietary Electrocyclone pre-collector, bag filters, boiler pressure parts, economizers, air preheaters and flue-gas treatment systems, with fabrication at its Samut Sakhon factory in Thailand and delivery through assessment, engineering, installation, commissioning and spares.
How is an electrostatic precipitator sized?
From project gas data, not catalogue ratings: gas flow, temperature, moisture, particle-size distribution, ash chemistry and resistivity. Collection area follows from the Deutsch-Anderson relation corrected by Matts-Öhnfeldt (k ≈ 0.5). The homepage design basis — a 60 t/h bagasse boiler at 6,000 mg/Nm³ — needs SCA 75.7 s/m and 3,888 m² of collecting area for 24 mg/Nm³ at 6 % O₂ dry.
What is the Electrocyclone?
The Electrocyclone is a proprietary hybrid particulate pre-collector developed by Arrow Energy that combines cyclonic separation with electrostatic augmentation. It removes 85–95 % of particulate load ahead of an ESP or bag filter, operates up to 400 °C, absorbs 120–140 kW on a mid-size duty, and occupies 60–65 % of the footprint of an equivalent ESP stage.
Does Arrow Energy guarantee an emission value?
Guaranteed figures are stated per project, after a technical assessment, on a defined basis: mg/Nm³ at a stated reference O₂, dry or wet, over a stated load range. The figures on this page are an internally consistent design basis for a worked example — they are labelled as such and are not a guarantee.
What data should I send for a technical assessment?
Fuel type and moisture, boiler capacity in t/h, flue-gas flow in Nm³/h, gas temperature, current emission in mg/Nm³ with its reference O₂, and the limit you must meet. With a fuel analysis and a recent emission test attached, an Arrow engineer can return an assessment basis rather than a brochure.
14 — Engineering consultation
Send us your plant data
Boiler make and capacity, fuel, existing pollution control, current outlet, target limit and your next shutdown window. Attach the drawing, the fuel analysis or the stack-test report — we will not ask you to email it separately.
Response commitment
An engineer — not a mailbox — replies within SLA to confirm.